Theorists: Jeremy Tunstall

His theory posits the idea that all texts have preferred audiences as well as additional audiences which can be engaged:

• PRIMARY- Watching films in a cinema involves a primary mode of audience engagement as the spectator is immersed with the narrative. So for your primary, target audience they will have bought the song/ downloaded it and will consume your text in this way.
• SECONDARY- While watching a programme at home on television may involve eating a meal at the same time, texting, using social media or other additional activities. Your secondary audience may be interested, but they haven't bought the single
• TERITARY- Tertiary audience engagement is using the text as background media like music radio. Your tertiary audience may hear your song on the radio while driving to work.